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Description of the species
The Black Swan (Cygnus atratus) is a large waterfowl species in the duck family Anatidae. Endemic to Australia and Tasmania, it was introduced to New Zealand in the 19th century. Adults reach 110-140 cm and are slightly smaller than the Mute Swan. The very long neck — about 32 cervical vertebrae — helps the bird feed at greater depths. Plumage and legs are predominantly black; concealed white feathers show in flight, with characteristic frilled primaries along the wing edges. The bill is bright red with a white tip, and the iris ranges from orange to light brown.
Voice
Unlike mute swans, black swans are vocal. They exchange resonant trumpet-like calls accompanied by head-nodding, and may call for extended periods while afloat to signal the flock or express agitation.
Range and habitat
Native across Australia and Tasmania, and naturalized in New Zealand since the mid-1800s. In Europe and North America they occur as ornamental waterfowl in parks and reserves. They prefer shallow freshwater bodies, and outside the breeding season may also occur along riverbanks.
Lifestyle and behavior
Not strictly migratory but highly mobile. Prolonged disturbance or hydrological changes prompt local movements, typically within ~100 km. Birds generally remain in the region where they hatched, tracking water levels. In drought years they concentrate in sheltered coastal lagoons and bays. Males defend territories against rivals. Both parents incubate, with the female more often taking the night shift.
Diet
The diet is dominated by aquatic plants and fine algae. They also graze grains such as wheat and corn, plus shoreline grasses and leaves from low hanging willow branches.
Breeding
Timing varies by region and water regime. Colonies are common; nests are large mounds built on shallow water and often reused annually. Pairs are long term. Typical clutches hold 4–8 greenish eggs with a distinctive odor; incubation lasts about 6 weeks by both parents. Cygnets fledge at roughly 5 months. Sexual maturity is reached at 2.5–3 years; males can be notably territorial in captivity.
Cultural notes
Documented by European voyagers in Australia from the late 17th century. Today the Black Swan is a state symbol of Western Australia, depicted on the state flag and coat of arms as well as several municipal emblems.
Buy a Black Swan: ordering and shipping
You can purchase Black Swans from our farm. Delivery across Ukraine. To check availability and delivery, contact via Viber, Telegram, or by phone 050-182-27-27.
Common questions
How secure is the species in the wild
Population status is stable and globally abundant when habitats are maintained and introductions are managed.
Can Black Swans be kept with other waterfowl
Co-housing is possible on large ponds, but pairs are territorial during breeding and need ample space or seasonal separation.
What does a private pond need
Clean freshwater with shallow vegetated margins, wind shelter and easy shore access. Supplement natural forage with grains and greens as needed.