| Міжнародна наукова назва | Francolinus francolinus |
|---|---|
| Домен | Eukaryotes |
| Царство | Animals |
| Тип | Chordates |
| Клас | Birds |
| Ряд | Galliformes |
| Родина | Phasianidae |
| Type/View | Francolinus francolinus |
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The francolin (Latin: Francolinus francolinus, formerly Francolinus vulgaris) is a bird of the pheasant family (Phasianidae) in the order Galliformes. It is a popular game bird. Body length reaches up to 37 cm, weight 400–550 g, comparable in size to a quail.
Plumage is typical for most galliform birds: mottled with yellowish spots and stripes on a brownish background. Males have a brown back with spots, black belly with white markings, a black chin, throat and chest, and a wide brown (rust-colored) collar on the neck. Females are less brightly colored.
Francolins are found from Cyprus and Asia Minor to northeastern India. In Southern Europe, the species has declined rapidly due to hunting and now only survives in Cyprus. In Western Asia, it is locally common. Historically, it also occurred in Spain, southern Italy, and Sicily. In the former USSR, it inhabits eastern Transcaucasia and southwestern Turkmenistan; numbers are low and the species is protected.
Francolins are sedentary birds, living in river valleys with dense shrub cover. They feed on plant material (seeds, shoots, berries) and animals (insects and other invertebrates).
